American Novelists and Motherly Speaker Figure Essay

And today in the wide world of Literature, well maybe just gip stories, we will be going over Rick Moodys Boys and Jamaica Kincaids Girl and sagacious the way in which Moody chose to make his storey very quick paced to the reader and in a way difficult to read, but with a purpose. Also how that affects the way the reader may read, perceive, or substantiate the story in a different way. And comparing how the similar writing style of Kincaid compares to Moodys use.In Boys we are immediately introduced to a recurring theme, event, or phrase, if you will, that pops up throughout the story many a(prenominal), many times. Boys enter the house, boys enter the house (Moody 579). Moody starts his story off with an action already taking place, he chooses not to setup a scene for the reader to immerse his or herself into.We are immediately drawn into the story on what seems to be a roller coaster ride of events and emotions through the years of the boys lives. He accomplishes this rushed, nigh crazed reading by writing very quick short sentences all in ace paragraph, literally making it very difficult for the reader to take their eyes away without losing their place and gum olibanum missing out on the action.In Girl the motherly speaker figure rapidly lists things a proper woman of their society should do, such as how to clean and cook. The list goes on and on and has a theme related to what must be done as a grown-up essentially that also gives this sniff out of following the steps taken over time growing up to be a kick downstairs person.This quick pace in which the stories progress is similar to Susan Minots Lust in that each story told different excerpts from the speakers lives that helped mark the growth of the speakers as the stories progressed.

Mcdonald’s Business Strategy

A Comprehensive Business Plan developed by McDonald focus, Inc. 11410 N. E. 124th Street 223 Kirkland, capital of the United States 98034 USA O 425-822-3106 C 206-257-9839 emailprotected com T clear of Contents rogue 3 sc wholeywag 5 Page 6 Page 9 Page 11 Page 12 Page 16 Page 18 Page 21 Executive Summary Our Business Plan The grocery store Defined World View operate platform (Ethiopia) insureed food market place Sh ar grocery store outline Promotion Competition The Bottled irrigate Industry Product Development Four Keys Norit Ultra-Filtration System (Perfector E) solar supply Modules prototype configuration and assemblyThe Patented 20-liter Tamper-proof Bottle Organizational Development USAgua Partnership course of instruction US al-Qaida Office East Africa commutation Assembly diffusion ( agents to Owners) Mile St stars Financial Statements Sales pouchions Personnel Budgets change Flow standions Income Statements Projected Expense Statements Projected 2 Execu tive Summary W e argon now in a position to do goodably raise into the lucrative and expanding beingness commodious market for pure, clean, expert beverage piss. We postulate developed and impart introduce to the world, the concept of fine conjunction commercial weewee purification systems.Also you toilet readBusiness Ethics ComprisesWe c either(prenominal) our systems USAgua sodding(a) Water Kiosks. sever tout ensembley of our Kiosks is capable of taking in 8,000 liters of dangerously polluted crude pee individu wholey sidereal daytime and, by dint of the technologic totallyy phenomenal help of ultra-filtration, they process that unwellnessy piddle system into safe, clean, purified drinking peeing. Our systems argon containerized, modular, solar powered and ultra- driped they function completely off-the-grid. Our markets be the spirited, sophisticated, modernisticfoundly emerging middle-classes of the under(a)developed world. These middle-class nic hes re expose over unrivalled billion people and their numbers atomic number 18 growing daily.These people realize the importance of safe drinking piss for themselves and their families but, at the same time, they know that their governments ar incapable of providing this most basic need. What is important to our curriculum is that these middle class families are financially capable of paying for our irrigate. The proof is the fact that they now drive literally tens of gazillions of gallons of bottlefuld water system each family. Our opposition is the bottled water manufacturing and, genuinely soon, we lead stand a substantial piece of that market.The product we sell is clean, pure, safe drinking water. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks Program. Our Kiosks are a melding of two wonderful technologies just now coming into their consume. The scratch is called ultra-filtration. Picture a bundle of spaghetti sized perf orated tubes through which polluted water is pumped on a lower floor pressure. The perforations are so subaltern that they block viruses, bacterium and parasites d have got to a Log 2-4 EPA rating. This promoter that the water we sell is 99. 99% pure or better when it leaves our system.And, because the get acrosss require only back-flushing instead of costly carry replacements, the massive-term be are minimized. The second basic engine room we have employed is Solar Power. Our Kiosks, including all the requisite pumps, batteries, electronics and lighting requirements get away perfectly using a Solar Power portion intentional specifically for our needs. The initial costs of the solar option are steep, but the long term reliability, the fact that we dont depend on any outside sources of energy and the nearly-maintenance-free specifications we have developed, make them a perfect fit in developing countries. Our ultra filtration systems and our solar power systems have been rigorously matter tested by their manufacturers. Our own design engineers have melded the two technologies together, combined them with our storage tanks and lab string and integrated them seamlessly into our retail USAgua Kiosks. After a final range of a function development computer programme, our manufacturers go out ship their modules to our USAgua Central Assembly Plants in our target markets. We get out use local anesthetic technicians to retrofit universally available despatch containers and perform final installation and assembly.Once our Kiosks are complete, they leave al adept be delivered to our instruments in the field. Our Management Team give locate, recruit and train local Operators in our various Target grocerys. In time, our Operators allow be presumptuousness the opportunity to own their own USAgua Kiosk, thus allowing us to tap the entrepreneurial energy and spirit that cannister be found within individuals in every(prenominal) corner of the world. Our USAgua Operator program give visualise our market position and stability through world-wide name branding, equipment standardization, standardized maintenance routines and universally accepted accountancy procedures.With the help of some very smart engineers we have developed the concept of our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks. At the same time, we have put together a railway line sample that takes the best of the American billet concepts we are so proud of and we, very carefully, introduce them into the voltagely lucrative new middle-class markets of the developing world. Our financial package is strong. Our assumptions and our projections are conservative, our research is up to date and our key players are heavy on both(prenominal) education and real world experience. We are ready to take the next giant musical note forward.To that end, we are asking to secure a US $2,200,000 Investment package so that we can leave our USAgua International Program to fruition. Plrestraint, feel free to call me anytime for to a greater extent info or clarifications. Sincerely, Timothy McDonald 4 Our Business Plan The World Wide merchandise Defined Of the 6 billion people in the world today, over 3 billion1 live either heart and soully off-the-grid or in communities not serviced by safe, dependable water systems. Families within this demographic, no matter their economic level, are left vulnerable to water borne diseases including viruses, parasites and bacteria.The negative social and economic repercussions of not having access to safe, clean drinking water are immense. some joined Nations reports have gone so far as to predict that safe drinking water volition be as economically significant as oil within the next decade2. We determine to be a big player in solving the drinking water problem. We have knowing both our USAgua Water Purification System and our Business Model to be universally adaptable. Our equipment and our business sector model forget function beautifully in the suburbs of Nairobi, on the Yangtze River in China and in the mountains of northern India.Anywhere thither is both a source of water (no matter how polluted) and an open view of the sun, our USAgua water purification systems bequeath work. Anywhere there are energetic and entrepreneurial individuals who aspire to a better life for their families, our USAgua Operator network will prosper. At the Macro scale, our market is unlimited. Good business performs, however, dictate that we start small and grow carefully. We will introduce our program to a small, representative market we are familiar with. hotshot that can be easily documented and controlled.In our Pilot Market we will learn a commodious deal from both our achieveres and our mistakes. Once we have field raisen both our equipment and our business model, we will enter additional markets with much corkinger knowledge and enthusiasm. _________________________________ It is very important to understand tha t we are in competition with the Bottled Water Industry in all aspects of our program. The statistics and the markets for bottled water, world wide, are the statistics and markets relevant to USAgua. _______________________________________ 1 2 United Nations Development Program Report August 2008United Nations Development Program Report August 2008 5 Our Ethiopian Pilot Program and Our Share of the Market For several reasons, including a thirty year professional conflict in East Africa, we have chosen the country of Ethiopia to establish our Pilot Program. The Ethiopian Market Defined Population (millions) 2007 Population growth (annual %) Life expectancy at birth ( grey-headed age) Literacy rate GNI (US $ billions) GNI per capita (US $ ) 78. 6 2. 6 55. 0 38. 5 19. 4 220. 0 The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) acquired these statistics Health of people using improved drinking-water sources, 2006, total 42 (cut and paste from the UNICEF 2008 Report) These UNICEF statistics show us that there is a prodigious segment of the Ethiopian commonwealth that understands the need for safe water. The definition of improved drinking-water sources, however, does not address the prize of the water. It only documents the fact that the water has been drawn from a centralized source and is conveyed to the end substance abuser via an realised distribution network either municipal water systems, oiler trucks or bottled water.The water may or may not be processed. It may or may not be safe. The quality of both the tap water and the bottled water in Ethiopia is suspect due to poor infrastructure maintenance and a inadequacy of Health Department regulation enforcement. 3 3 UNICEF Annual Report 2006 6 The Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (CSA) estimates that currently 4. 18% of the households, nationwide, have access to fraternity water systems and taps within their homes. Ethiopia Total 2004 2. 2 2006 2. 7 2008 3. 3 Current 4. 18 (cut and paste from the 2008 CS A Report)This means the massive majority of people considered to have access to improved drinking water sources are using tanker truck delivery (very dangerous) or bottled water. (78. 6 million X 42%) 4. 18% ) = 31. 4 million people drink non-tap water. ) The CSA in addition publishes a quarterly retail price listing for nearly every commodity found in Ethiopia. In 2008 the average cost per liter of bottled water was 6 birr. (Ethiopian currency) BEVERAGES NON souse Ambo mineral Water 500cc 3. 00 3. 00 3. 00 3. 17 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 3. 00 2. 96 2. 50 3. 00 3. 00 2. 50 2. 5 Bure Mineral Water 500cc (cut and paste from the 2008 CSA Report) (Or US $0. 48/liter at the current exchange rate) The CSA has not been able to estimate a total volume of bottled drinking water produced or consumed. We have been told many reasons for this lack of statistical documentation. The most plausible is the lack of government oversight and a huge black market for recycling local water i n used plastic bottles. This is a very dangerous practice and one the central government has taken action to stop. 4 A few assumptionsW e are going to assume, in the interest of simplifying our Business Plan, that within and near the cities of Addis Ababa, Mekele, Bahra Dar, Nazerit and Awassa ( a total population of over 27 million ) there is a need for 27,000,000 liters of pure, safe drinking water every day. (27,000,000 X 365 days = nearly 10 Billion liters per year) (One liter of safe drinking water per day is the World Health Organizations minimum requirement. ) 4 Ethiopian Health Ministry 2008 7 Our Pilot Program Cities 10% Purchase Vicinity of Population Addis Ababa 15,375,000 15% Purchase 20% Purchase 5% Purchase Bottled Water at US $0. 50/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 40/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 30/liter Bottled Water at US $0. 20/liter 1,537,500 2,306,250 3,075,000 3,843,750 Nazerit 3,580,000 358,000 537,000 716,000 895,000 Bahri Dar 1,790,000 179,000 266,850 355,800 447,500 Awasa 1,430,000 143,000 214,500 286,000 357,500 Mekele 4,825,000 482,500 723,750 965,000 1,206,250 27,000,000 2,700,000 4,050,000 5,400,000 6,750,000 $1,350,000 $1,620,000 $1,620,000 $1,350,000 $492,750 ,000 $591,300,000 $591,300,000 $492,750,000 Population Market Value Market Value Per Day Per YearOur Pilot Program Market Our Pilot Program Market focuses on five major cities in Ethiopia. We can take a very conservative but educated guess that 15% of the 27 million population is capable of acquire 1 liter of drinking water every day for US 0. 40/liter. (about a billion and a half liters per year demand) 1,248,000 liters (62,400 20-Liter USAgua Bottles) is the annual sales figure we have projected for each of our USAgua Kiosks. Or less than one tenth of one percent (. 001%) of our Pilot Program Middle-class Market Demand. Our Kiosks are actually capable of tangiblely producing ,920,000 liters of safe, clean drinking water annually, but for budgeting and logistical reasons as well as a conservative margin of safety, we are building our Business Model on a 1,248,000 liters/year basis or a 4,000 liters per day sales capacity, six days per week. The total cost to our USAgua Kiosk Program to produce, bottle and sell safe, clean drinking water is less than $0. 10 per liter The universal laws of supply and demand would tell us that we could completely dominate the Bottled Drinking Water Industry in our Pilot Program Market.By guarantee two things Highest Quality, Lowest Price we should expect to enamour a substantial share of this huge market while at the same time realizing a very profitable return on investing very quickly. It is not difficult to imagine 40 USAgua Kiosks working profitably within Ethiopia within two years of start-up. 8 Market Strategy The Market for pure, clean, safe drinking water already exists. It is bombastic, growing and lucrative. Our dominant piece of that worldwide market is what we will develop. Branding W e own the intern et web domain and the trade marked name, USAgua.We are now in the process of building a comprehensive website that will address everything from the biology of parasites, bacteria and viruses to the science of removing those contaminants from our drinking water. It will show how important safe drinking water is to individuals, societies and economies. It will pit our USAgua Water Purification Kiosks from our competition, the bottled water industry. Our website will play very well in East Africa. Since the pick of President Obama, a new, very pro-American, attitude has emerged. America and all things American are now very popular.Our USAgua Kiosks provide safe drinking water at standards equal to or better than our American EPA standards for house servant drinking water. In East Africa, they trust our standards and want that same high quality for their families. Our Kiosks are multicolor in American national colors. The USA in USAgua is meant to emphasize our American roots and our American standards. When a USAgua Kiosk is delivered to an African community our customers will feel that part of America has arrived. Our USAgua 20-liter plastic bottles are knowing to be used and re-used and re-used by the family to which they are assigned.The boldly branded bottles can not be refilled by anyone other than our Kiosk operator. Our branded one-liter personal bottles will be carried with pride on the streets of our communities. The name, USAgua, will be synonymous with American high quality and good health. Lower retail pricing W e know there is a large and growing demand for safe, pure drinking water. On the macro scale this is evidenced by the rise of the bottled water industry in every city and crossroads in the world. In Ethiopia, our Pilot Program Market, we know the retail price of a liter of bottled water is US$0. 48.The laws of supply and demand dictate that as the price is lowered, the demand rises. The cost of our water, including all business related exp ectations, is less than US $0. 10 per liter. We will price our product to maximize both the beat sold and the profit generated. 9 Flyers and Brochures Distributed Locally . And a billboard or two Because each of our USAgua Kiosks are knowing to satisfy the drinking water demand of only 400 families per day, (we are saying 10 liters per family per day) the geographic market area for each of our Kiosks is small, (by design) less than one square kilometer.Prior to our Kiosks arriving at their final destinations, a local flyer and brochure campaign will saturate the area to introduce our program. Community meetings will be held to educate members of our market and sell our products. A large colorful bill-board will be erected so that people will begin identifying our branding. 10 Competition The Competition for our Pilot Program Market (and every other market in the developing world, for that matter) consists of a handful of legitimate Centralized Water Bottling and Distribution Compa nies as well as black-market water bottle recycling scams.The government is now in the process of both adopting new quality standards for all bottled water plus they are developing the means to enforce those standards. Because none of the major international bottled water producers (Danone, Nestle, and Coca-Cola) have entered the African markets, statistical documentation is abstracted for total production and demand. We do know a few things, however. First is that the existing legitimate bottled water industry depends on centralized plants that are, by definition, saddled with the tremendous costs associated with transporting heir product to market. Plus, they must purchase plastic bottles that will be used only once, but then become potential competition as those same bottles are refilled on the black-market and resold. We also know that the end user of bottled water is becoming much more sophisticated. They know full well the problem with boot-legged water and in most cases have gone back to boiling local water (at a tremendous set down in fuel) rather than purchase suspect bottled water. The Bottled Water Industry is not the answer for the Developing World. 11 Product Development .. some historyFor generations, scientists around the world have known that viruses, parasites and bacteria are present in much of the water we drink. They have also known that these tiniest of creatures are the source of the water borne diseases that have plagued humanity since Lucy stood up on her two legs and peered over the tall grasses of the African Savannah. Personal Note McDonald was stationed in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia in 1973-75 only 20 miles from where Lucy Australopithecus afarensisr was discovered. On several occasions his clownish School and Farm hosted Lucys rcheologists. They appreciated the water system he had developed that pulled water from the dark Awash River and provided them safe, pure drinking water. In the developed world, from our largest citie s to our smallest villages, our engine room has solved the problem of purifying our waters. In America, we long ago realized the importance of safe water to the overall health and well universe of our society. It was so important to previous generations that they mandated our government to set and enforce the highest water standards in the world.Our municipal and community water systems now process and distribute a dependable flow of amazingly inexpensive water to the homes of every citizen. The success of America is due, in no small part, to the overall health of our people. And, the overall health of our people is, in no small part, due to our wonderful communal water systems. On the macro scale, the per gallon cost of water in America is very small a penny or two a gallon at the most. The reality is, however, that a water purification plant and a distribution network are tremendously expensive to develop and operate tens of millions of dollars.And, the technical sophistication necessary to maintain these systems is overwhelming to any but the most advanced economies. For so many reasons (economic, political, cultural, technical) there is picayune hope that the vast majority of people in the second and third worlds will ever be able to build and maintain the water systems necessary to provide safe water for their people. Even now, as a burgeoning middle class emerges, the central governments are powerless to act. The problem is just too large and the costs too high. 12 Product Development . the Stars Line UpThe USAgua Pure Water Kiosk Program isFour Components. The product we sell is clean, pure, safe drinking water. How we produce, market and sell our product is through our USAgua Pure Water Kiosks Program. Our Kiosk Program brings together four independent but equally important physical components. Namely Ultra-Filtration, Solar Power, Retro-fitted Freight Containers and Keyed, Tamper-proof 20-liter Bottles. 1. Ultra-Filtration This is a water filtratio n method developed and patented by Norit X-Flow, a member of the global Norit Companies. Norit is headquartered in theNetherlands with sales offices throughout the world including one just outside of Chicago. Ultra-filtration is user-friendly to visualize. Picture a bundle of spaghetti sized perforated tubes through which polluted water is pumped under pressure. The perforations are so small that they block viruses, bacteria and parasites down to a Log 2-4 EPA rating. This means that the water they process is 99. 99% pure or better when it leaves their system. And, because the filters require only back-flushing instead of costly filter replacements, the long-term costs are minimized.Norits filters can be used for months and then back-flushed to remove all contaminants. The actual filters will last for years. Ultra-filtration is truly a marvelous breakthrough. One of the first applications that Norit X-Flow developed for its Ultra-filter technology was a very clever machine they cal l the Perfector-E Mobile Water Purification System. It was originally designed for emergency responders to be used in the aftermath of devastating natural disasters earthquakes, floods and hurricanes. The systems are small, strong and passing mobile.They can be transported and set up in any disaster area within hours. They are totally self contained and can draw and purify water from almost any source including uncovered surface waters, local lakes, rivers, ponds and irrigation systems. The Perfector-E System can provide literally thousands of gallons of pure, safe drinking water per day to a disaster area under the most extreme conditions. And, there is another very overconfident aspect to Norits system. It is not a big energy user. With some adaptations, we can actually run the systems exclusively on solar power. 13 2.The second basic technology we have employed is Solar Power. Our Kiosks, including all the necessary pumps, batteries, electronics and lighting requirements run p erfectly using a Solar Power package designed specifically for our needs. Our solar energy system was designed by H-Dot Logic, a solar applied science company here in Seattle. The initial costs of the solar option are steep, but the long term reliability, the fact that we dont depend on any outside sources of energy and the nearlymaintenance-free specifications we have developed, make them a perfect fit in developing countries. . Our Kiosks Our Containers. We have chosen to utilize universally available, standard steal 20 foot cargo containers as the physical basis of our Kiosk system. Containers are strong and secure. They are easily transported on any flatbed truck in the world, and once they are delivered to our overseas locations, they will serve as the actual retail Kiosk facility. Our in-house engineers have designed the retro-fit of the containers to substantially house all the various components in and around the retail shell.The solar panels, the gravel pre-filters, the external raw water storage tank, the internal finished water storage tank with the UV sterilizer, the Ultra-filter modules, the pumps, the battery packs, all the electronics and a water testing system are all neatly configured inside the container. In addition to designing the retrofit, our Kiosks will have a copy written outside(prenominal) color and graphic scheme. The graphic scheme, once blushered on our containers will provide a great advertising platform for our USAgua Brand. A prototype unit still needs to be assembled.USAgua Kiosk 0001, the prototype, will be assembled in Seattle, Washington. A careful documentation video of the specifications and assembly methods will be produced. This process will take about four months to accomplish. Once the first Kiosk is ready it will be shipped from the Port of Seattle to Ethiopia. Once in Ethiopia, USAgua 0001 will be delivered to our Central Assembly & Fabrication facility. Our local Management will use it to train a team of asse mbly mechanics. We will then begin purchasing containers on the local market and preparing them for the arrival of our Filter and Solar modules.Within a four month period, we will be assembling and delivering two complete USAgua units per month. 4. The Keyed-Tamper Proof Bottle Program One of the reasons the bottled water industry is not a good fit for the developing world is because the plastic bottles are disposable. Each new bottle, when discarded becomes a potential competitor as people refill the bottle and sell it on the black market. Our USAgua bottles are specially designed to discourage re-use by anyone but the family to which it was assigned. The bottles will have a tamper proof valve and seal that can only be refilled at USAgua Kiosks.This makes the bottles un-usable outside our network and assures our customers that the water inside our stamped and sealed bottles has not been counterfeited on the black market. Our prominent USAgua Logo on each bottle will help promote ou r brand where ever it is found. 14 Organizational Development Thirty years of experience working in developing countries has taught us many things. One of the most important is that without a very involved and powerful Management presence on the ground, no program can succeed.For the success of any project in the developing world, including ours, it is vitally important that we back-up our 21st century technology with an equally robust Management and Operations Program based on centurys old tried and true Business Practices. We call our In- area USAgua International Management and Operations Program Our Partnership Program. It is based on five powerful strategies 1. Recruiting the best and the brightest. Every developing country in the world has vibrant, honest, well educated, hardworking, entrepreneurs looking for an opportunity to improve themselves, their families and their communities.Our Country Director will identify and recruit these individuals. We will offer them a good bas ic family wage with the added incentive of merit-based pay raises. 2. In-Country Training for our Operators Our USAgua in-country Management lag will train every recruit in Kiosk system functions, maintenance procedures, program hygiene, local marketing and program bookkeeping. Trainees will work with seasoned Operators during a six month apprenticeship program. If they prove themselves capable, they will be offered a position as an Operator or Operators Helper for one of our USAgua Kiosks. . In-Country Operations Management. We will have one Project Manager for every 10 USAgua Kiosk Operators. These Project Managers will visit each Kiosk Operator every month to make sure that the passing high USAgua standards are being met and maintained. The PMs are also in charge of auditing and banking functions. on that point will be zero tolerance for bookkeeping errors. In addition to our Project Managers, we have a Maintenance & Repair team that routinely visits each Kiosk making sure tha t no small maintenance problem becomes a big repair problem due to lack of Operator vigilance. 4.Advertising and selling Support Each Kiosk comes with an introductory advertising budget for local marketing. We will saturate any new locale with USAgua literature. In addition, our Staff will visit each Kiosk to conduct community seminars in water quality and family hygiene. 15 5. Operators to Owners Program After two years as a USAgua Operator we will offer some of our most gifted and hardworking employees the opportunity to purchase their own USAgua Kiosk. We are wholly convinced that there exists a universally powerful business strategy that assures the success of a program such as ours.This is called pride in ownership and we intend to tap that strategy to its fullest. Our US Office The home office of McDonald Management is in Seattle, Washington as will be the home offices of USAgua International, Inc. At the top of our organizational chart is the President and CEO, Timothy McDo nald. Mr. McDonald has a BS in International Economics (minor in Civil design) with Masters work in International Economics all from the University of Washington. He has been in and out of East Africa for over thirty years with our State Department as both an employee and an independent contractor.He will make do day to day operations both in the US and overseas. Norit X-Flow International will provide the Ultra-filtration modules. H-Dot Logic will provide the solar package design and modules. R. L. Clark and Associates of Redmond, Washington will be in charge of Investor Relations, financial program development and implementation. Bahiru G. Egziabiher will be the Country Director in Ethiopia for our Pilot Market Program. He holds a Masters in Electrical Engineering from the University of Washington and has worked for Seattle City Light for over twenty years. Bahiru holds duel US and Ethiopian citizenship.Dalrymple and Associates will be in charge of our Kiosk design and equipment coordination. In addition his company has designed our logo, the graphic exhibit of our USAgua name and our color schemes and themes. RedRover Marketing will be in charge of our website design, maintenance and hosting. Our Office in Ethiopia W e will lease a centralized office/warehouse facility in Addis Ababa where we will identify, recruit and train a team of assemblers and fabricators to retrofit our containers, install our filtration systems, our solar modules and our storage tanks.Our paint shop will brand each Kiosk with our name, our logo and our color scheme. 16 Bahiru Egziabiher, our Country Director, will be in charge of our Ethiopia operations including the central warehouse and assembly facility. He will oversee the assembly of two complete USAgua Kiosks per month once we get underway. McDonald and Exziabiher and, eventually, a small team of Project Managers, will identify, recruit and train a Network of USAgua Operators. These Project Managers will be responsible for a ssuring the high standards of training, maintenance, product quality and accounting standards for each of their Network Operators.Within two years there will be 40 Kiosks producing pure water in Ethiopia. There will be one Project Manager for every ten Kiosks. Our Operator Network is the key to our program. Once our USAgua Operators are identified and recruited, they will go through a thorough training program. They will serve a two year apprenticeship and then, if they have proven themselves capable of maintaining our extremely high standards, they will be given the opportunity to own their own Kiosk. In this way we will tap the entrepreneurial spirit of those who will make our whole program a success.How Hard is it to Enter the Ethiopian Market? The World Bank ranks countries world wide by their Ease of Doing Business. Of the 183 countries rated, Ethiopia ranks 107. In comparison, Egypt is 106 and Kenya is 95. Since 1993 when the people of Ethiopia removed their previous communis t government and replaced it with one decisively more moderate and business friendly, the new leadership has striven to open its economy to a more capitalistic model. In the past 10 years, Ethiopia has been gradually re-writing its constitution in an attempt to open new markets and stabilize its business community.These efforts have paid off. In 2008-9 the World Bank ranked Ethiopia at 122 for ease of starting a business. This year they are ranked 93. And, they are getting better every year. The following statistics are all from the World Bank. Ease of doing Business 107 starting a Business 93 Dealing with verbal expression Permits 60 Employing Workers 98 Registering Property 110 Getting ascribe 127 Protecting Investors 119 compensable Taxes 43 Trading crossways Borders 159 Enforcing Contracts 57 Closing a Business 77 Summary of Indicators Ethiopia Starting a Business Procedures (number) 5Time (days) 9 Cost (% of income per capita) 18. 9 Min. capital (% of income per capita) 492. 4 17 Dealing with Construction Permits Procedures (number) 12 Time (days) 128 Cost (% of income per capita) 561. 3 Employing Workers Difficulty of hiring index (0-100) 33 Rigidity of hours index (0-100) 20 Difficulty of redundancy index (0-10) 30 Rigidity of employment index (0-100) 28 Redundancy costs (weeks of salary) 40 Registering Property Procedures (number) 10 Time (days) 41 Cost (% of property value) 2. 2 Getting Credit effectualness of legal rights index (0-10) 4Depth of credit information index (0-6) 2 Public registry coverage (% of adults) 0. 1 Private bureau coverage (% of adults) 0. 0 Protecting Investors Extent of disclosure index (0-10) 4 Extent of director liability index (0-10) 4 Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10) 5 Strength of investor protection index (0-10) 4. 3 Paying Taxes Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 198 Profit tax (%) 26. 8 constancy tax and contributions (%) 0. 0 Other taxes (%) 4. 3 Total tax rate (% profit) 31. 1 Trading A cross Borders Documents to export (number) 8Time to export (days) 49 Cost to export (US$ per container) 1940 Documents to import (number) 8 Time to import (days) 45 Cost to import (US$ per container) 2993 Enforcing Contracts Procedures (number) 37 Time (days) 620 Cost (% of claim) 15. 2 Taking into account the above information provided by the World Bank, it will take McDonald Management about 90 days to secure all the necessary permits, licenses, patent protection registrations and lease agreements in Ethiopia. This will all be done former to our first Kiosk leaving the US. 8 Mile Stones First Three Months Investors have been identified and secured A US $2,200,000 credit line is opened Dalrymple & Associates secures a short term warehouse lease where the prototype Kiosk will be assembled and the process documented. Norit X-Flow, H-Dot Logic and USAgua finalize specifications for the prototype filter/solar modules The USAgua Prototype is completed and Unit 0001 is prepared for shi pment to Africa In Month One, McDonald and Exziabiher leave for East Africa to secure business licenses and leases.While in Africa McDonald and Exziabiher identify and recruit a team of mechanics and fabricators as well as a Project Manager. They identify the first five individuals for the USAgua Operators Network. Months 4 and 5 USAgua Kiosk number 0001 is shipped from Seattle to Addis Ababa USAgua Seattle begins producing and shipping filter/power modules to Ethiopia at the rate of 2 units per month. Containers are purchased and retrofitted in our Addis Ababa facility at the rate of 2 units per month.Assembly begins and the first delivery of a unit is accomplished. Months 6 -12 All elements of our program are coordinated and we are assembling and placing USAgua Kiosks in client communities at the steady rate of 2 units per month. Project Managers and Operators are go on the training, quality control and apprenticeship programs. Month 13 W e achieve income/expense financial disl ocation Even Month 24 The first 40 USAgua Kiosks are in place and working. The first USAgua Operator recruits are offered ownership of their Kiosks. 19 Business Plan SummaryW e are confident that a vibrant and lucrative market for safe, clean drinking water exists in every country of the world. We are also confident that we have the right Technology and Business Model to enter and eventually dominate those markets. To prove this, we are going to introduce 40 of our USAgua Kiosks into the Ethiopian market. There we will show that our technology is on the dot right that each of our Kiosks can be operated and maintained profitably for years. And, that our Business Model is sound and fit of the trust our investors have shown.We have developed a set of financial projections. These itemize the key elements of our program and put a dollar figure on their implementation. They show that an initial two year investment of US $2,200,000 will produce an operating income/expense breakeven withi n a year and actual profit by the end of the 40 Unit 2 Year Pilot Program. Anyone interested in exhibit our Financial Report, please, call Timothy McDonald. He will be more than happy to send along our spreadsheets. Many Thanks, Timothy McDonald 206-257-9839 20

Is Mankind Harming the Environment? Essay

This paper ordain discuss whether human being has played a role in harming the environment. It willing talk in detail slightly the several(a) human activities that gravel had an impact on our graphic habitat and will alike give special examples of what we should expect in the future as a upshot of our activities and how we should deal with them. Mankind has several natural resources at his disposal. These include the oceans, atmosphere, forests etc. Any misuse or overuse of these resources will eventually reverse the sustainability of these resources.The fish population may become extinct, climate intensifys may result in an step-up in natural disasters, forests may not be replaceable etc. In short, abuse or unoceansonable use of the environmental resources may result in long term consequences for the entire humans. (Ostrom, Elinor et al 2002) thither is significant evidence to prove that mankind has indeed played a major role in harming the environment. Most the earth s fisheries have already been destroyed and the Amazon rain forest is also near destruction.Humans have destroyed to a greater extent than 30 per cent of the natural world since 1970 with hard depletion of the forest, fresh water supply and marine systems on which life depend. (Guardian 1998) This combined with the persistent increase in greenhouse blow emissions have resulted in a massive increase in ozone layer depletion and world-wide melting. This in daily round has resulted in climate substitute all over the world causing an increase in the absolute frequency of floods, droughts, hurricanes, extremities of weather, coastal erosion, melting glaciers etc.No doubt global warming is the result of mans own activities. Human activities which produce increasing amounts of greenhouse gases especially snow dioxide from burn mark fossil evoke ar causing global warming all across the world. Global warming has even caused the sea level to rise between four and eight inches duri ng the last hundred classs and every year seal level now rises one tenth of an inch. If mankind continues to emit greenhouse gases at the kindred pose it will result in serious environmental degradation as well as negative effects on human health.(Mank, Bradford 2005) As Athanasiou and Baer put it, Even if we track down quickly to bonnet the emission of greenhouse pollutants a politically and diplomatically impossible scenario at present, the consequences of global warming will curtly become quite sinful, and even murderous, particularly for the poor and the vulnerable. And in the more likely case where we move slowly, the impacts will verge on catastrophic. Maximum contribution towards environmental degradation comes from industrialized countries as about one-half of all greenhouse gas emissions come from these regions.For example the United States produces about one hindquarters of the worlds greenhouse gases. (Harris, Paul 2003) Climatologists suggest that average temper atures globally are expected to increase between three and ten degrees Fahrenheit by the next century. They also predict that climate change will also cause new problems because of a persistent degradation of our ecosystem. Rising sea levels, severe natural disasters such as hurricanes, drought, floods, air pollution, spread of diseases like malaria and cholera and other environmental disasters are all negative consequences of global warming.(Smith, Daniel S. 2001) Some scientists have even predicted that human activities and increasing greenhouse gases will make the Earth so warm that the inhabitants will be unable to adapt to the changing climate. The predicted results of this warming include melting of the polar ice caps, flooding of coastal cities, massive extinction of species, and the deterioration of civilization as we know it. (Parsons, Michael L. 1995) Increasing globalization and mans desire to accumulate more and more profit has also played a major role in harming the environment.Increased use of free energy has resulted in a widespread increase in greenhouse gas emission from fossil give the axe use and this has resulted in an increase in global warming. If humans dont take whatsoever action, global warming will continue to increase. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that basic changes in personalised consumption, mostly in the realms of electricity use, climate control, and transportation, can reduce the average Americans carbon emissions by roughly one-third, from 15,000 to 10,000 pounds per year.Further reductions can be achieved through changing consumption patterns of food and consumer goods, incomplete of which is included in those calculations. If combined with more efficient technology, this sort of realignment of priorities would substantially reduce the threat of global warming, as well as variety of other environmental problems. (Smith, Daniel S. 2001) Mankinds level of water consumption is also constantly on the ri se and it is predicted that water shortage may become mankinds biggest problem in the twenty first century.It is estimated that up two thirds of the worlds countries will face moderate to high water shortages by 2025. This accompanied with increasing air, water and waste pollution due to extensive industrial development has further deteriorated our environment. Greater use of fossil fuel and biomass burning and land clearing have led to a increase in nitrogen that has in turn, otiose the absorptive capacity of natural system.While the above evidence demonstrates mankinds contribution to environmental deterioration, thither are supporters who insist that man has played such a negative role. They tactile property that there hasnt been such a major impact on the environment to begin with and that the consequences have been overstated to a large extent. Those who support globalization and deny its negative impact on the environment feel that economic progress is closely linked to env ironmental performance but in a dictatorial manner.They feel that it is in fact economic prosperity that may lead to a cleaner environment. The system of logic behind this argument is that by adopting new and improved technologies, industries will have a less disadvantageous impact on the environment and economic progress would enable countries to bring changes into their mode of operation and stay fresh the environment from harm. (John, Detlef).On the other hand a report by by the Working conference on Development and Environment in the Americas (U.S, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica and El-Salvador) shows that industrial development and globalization has caused severe defame to the environment and highlights that the Americas now have growing problems with air, soil and water contamination as a result of globalization, urbanization and modernization. (Schalatek, Liane 2004) Human activities have destroyed our natural habitat, have resulted in accelerating global warming and have contributed to air and water pollution.The amount of greenhouse gases being emitted today is sufficient to cause considerable harm to the environment. The ozone layer is being depleted continuously, a number of pesticides and other organic pollutants have been spread globally endangering hormonal balances and the immune system in man and animals. Increasing dependence on natural resources has resulted in a rapid depletion of tropical forests and fisheries.Many regions are facing problems of water shortage, resource depletion, climate change risks from biological agents etc. (Dahl, Lynn 1998) There has been a decline in plants, animals, insects and birds. According to the UN, the current extinction rate is up to 1000 times faster than in the past. It is estimated that around 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last cholecalciferol years. The global demand for biological resources now exceeds the planets capacity to renew them by 20%. (Adam, David 2006).

Managing Diversity Essay

Various literatures bespeak that managing assortment within todays delve twitch has become a primary awe for companies and presidential terms today. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012), comp ared with the labor nip of past decades, todays labor force is older, more racially and ethnically diverse, and composed of more women. Over the next decade, the labor force go forth become even more racially and ethnically diverse (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). Non-Hispanic whites made up 67.5 pct of the U.S. labor force in 2010 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012), projects that this group will compose 62.3 per centum of the labor force in 2020, a decline of 5.2 percent. By 2020, the Hispanic, Asian, and African American labor force are all supposed to make up 18.6, 5.7, and 12.0 percent, respectively (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). The only way that smorgasbord can be managed successfully is in an judicatureal culture that va lues diverseness (Sidel, 2009). According to Kulik and Roberson (2009), when an arrangement values multifariousness, the people work better together. If people dont work well together, the organization does not work well (Kulik & Roberson, 2009).The purpose of this paper is to explain the difference between the terms managing variety and valuing variation, and the four key comp atomic number 53nts that make up diversity anxiety. Differences between Managing mixture and Valuing conversion In dictate to better understand how diversity management fits into an organizational culture that values diversity, certain distinctions must early be made. One must know the difference between diversity management and culture of diversity. assortment management involves establishing long term goals to develop, promote, and utilize the skills of a diverse workforce (Marquis, Lim, & Scott, 2008). By culture of diversity, it is meant that an institutional environment is built on the values of fairness, diversity, mutual respect, understand, and cooperation (Loden & Rosener, 1991). A culture that values diversity emphasizes the importance of employees of different races, cultures, ages, genders, sexual orientations, values, pictures, ethics, and abilities to work together effectively (Lussier, 2012). Diversity Management with an Emphasis on Valuing DiversityThere are four main sayings of diversity management are the support of blossom management, diversity leadership, policies and procedures, and diversitytraining (Lussier, 2012). There must be an emphasis of valuing diversity into each of the four aspects of diversity management management support, diversity leadership, policies, and training. Management SupportDiversity management begins with support from top management. man valuing diversity most often begins at the bottom in organizations, it must involve those at the top if it is to succeed long term (Loden & Rosener, 1991). Fostering the right organizational culture is one of the most key responsibilities of a chief executive (McDermott, 2001). Billings-Harris and Anderson (2010) state The chief executive officers understanding and willingness to engage and challenge the organizations leaders with respect to the vision, business dodge, financials, goals, and objectives are critical for survival. This is no less unbowed for the CEOs intimacy with the inclusion and diversity system.When led effectively, these initiatives are embedded in the overall strategy and can act as one of a few powerful people-focused catalysts that drive business results. (p.28) cyclooxygenase (2001), asserts that to ensure management support in diversity initiatives, an organization should create a separate ranking(prenominal) executive position focused on diversity objectives. This diversity director should be involved in all aspects of the firm and should attempt to make diversity an overall business requirement (Cox, 2001). Loden and Rosener (1991) sta te that erst diversity is accepted as an organizational value, a new set of assumptions begins to operate within the organization, and that these assumptions are based on the positive contributions that diversity is perceived to offer. As part of a long-term strategy aimed at changing the corporate culture, many executives participate in team building sessions and other activities designed to encourage open dialogue among employees about diversity issues (Loden & Rosener, 1991). Diversity LeadershipThe second key aspect to diversity management is diversity leadership. Leaders should be able to influence employees to work toward the organizations objectives (Lussier, 2012). The organizations leadership should cultivate a mindset that acknowledges that diversity requires long-term cultural transpose and interprets diversity to include all people (Loden, 1996). Loden (1996) states that rhetorical statements advocatingdiversity will not by themselves propel change, and extensive lead ership involvement is needed to help diffuse the principles of diversity throughout the organization and into the attitudes of employees. This involvement requires time and energy on the part of senior leaders and is the most significant sign that diversity is a high priority in an organization (Loden, 1996). Policies and ProceduresPolicies and procedures of an organization regarding diversity make up the trinity aspect of diversity management. EEO is a legalistic response to workplace discrimination originally mandated by law. Affirmative achieve programs are outgrowths of equal employment law. (Loden & Rosener, 1991) Loden and Rosener (1991) conclude that while these programs have led to changes in the composition of the labor force, they have not been linked to an organizational culture change. They state that valuing diversity builds on the basic usher in of equal employment law and affirmative action, and that by focusing on the quality of the work environment, valuing diver sity moves beyond affirmative action (Loden & Rosener, 1991). It acknowledges that hiring and promoting diverse people does not automatically lead to mutual respect, cooperation, and true integration (Loden & Rosener, 1991). Diversity TrainingThe last aspect of diversity management is diversity training, also sometimes referred to as awareness training. Diversity training programs aim to make people more aware of the issues and the opportunities that hold up in reducing differential treatment, including awareness of attitudes behaviors, and biases (Morrison, 1992). According to Morrison (1992), focusing on theories, principles, demographic changes, and organizational benefits of increase diversity is common in diversity training, but it is unlikely to cause individuals to examine their personal values, attitudes, and behaviors.Diversity education is not achieved by one or two workshops, but requires a consistent, continuous political campaign to understand diversity concepts (Thom as, 2005). Diversity or awareness training for most organizations should consist of three major(ip) steps (1) Begin with leadership education. (2) Follow up with general manager and employee education about stereotyping and the dimensions of diversity. (3) hold back with ongoing seminars inmanaging diversity as a vital resource, understanding the dimensions of diversity, career development/ dexterity of training for diverse employees, and so on (Loden & Rosener, 1991, p. 204). Accountability for DiversityEven though it is not one of the four main aspects of diversity management, it is important to talk about rewarding behavior that values diversity. As efforts to create the culture of diversity evolve, Morrison (1992) states that the three most commonly revised administrative procedures to hold employees responsible are performance evaluations and resulting financial rewards, succession planning, and promotion systems. Employees and management at all levels should be held accounta ble for nurturing a culture that values diversity, and responsibility must be distributed throughout the organization if diversity goals are to be achieved (Morrison, 1992). Even in cases where employees do not personally endorse the philosophy, their workplace behavior should shut up be expected to support this change (Loden & Rosener, 1991). ConclusionsIn conclusion, diversity management does not focus on recruitment and hiring practices. Recruitment and hiring polices, such as Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action, are victimize term objectives and do not address organizational growth and development (Marquis, Lim, & Scott, 2008). Diversity management is a long term focus on developing and utilizing the skills of a divorce labor force and focuses on striving to achieve organizational objectives while creating a positive work environment (Marquis, Lim, & Scott, 2008). However, diversity management is only effective if the culture of the organization values diversit y (Sidel, 2009). An emphasis on valuing diversity need to be implemented and supported by top management, and the leaders of an organization need to cultivate the belief and value of diversity (Loden, 1996). Programs and policies must go above and beyond the minimum legal requirements for recruitment and survival of the fittest (Loden & Rosener, 1991). Training and awareness programs should include education about differences in beliefs, cultures, and opinions (Morrison, 1992).

Applying Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Applying Psychology - Essay ExampleWith regard to this stance however, I was non able to furnish concrete examples as regards to the costs and benefits, and only described the theoretic concepts.With regard to the third case, while I provided alternative technologies that can be used, I failed to discuss the financial constraints and ethical considerations of using such. I proposed little invasive strategies such as strengthening the questions that are asked, and perhaps improving the systems for cross-checking.TMA allowed me to apply my knowledge of theoretical concepts in practice. However, I noniced a few errors in expressing myself grammatically. More importantly, I should draw more(prenominal) connections between theory and practice through sufficient examples.I am writing in high spirits of your companys proposition to impose flexible with expireing from home opportunities through the aid of computer-mediated conversation (CMC). I have reviewed your companys profile aga inst the advantages and disadvantages of using of CMC. I am also proposing several(prenominal) recommendations with regard to the use of CMC which might be helpful as your company reorganizes and moves towards home-based work opportunities.CMC is clearly not a novel process in your company, and to a certain degree it has increased the productivity and work output. According to Joinson and Littleton (2008), there has been evidence that the use of CMC in the workplace can be beneficial not just in speeding communication, but in increasing the quality of that communication (p. 127). Studies by Shirani et al. (1999 as cited in Joinson & Littleton, 2008) and Adrianson and Hjelmquist (1999 as cited in Joinson & Littleton, 2008) have revealed deeper problem analysis and increase of brainstorming ideas in CMC compared to opposite interactions.However, there have been contentions to the level of interaction that takes place by using CMC. Without

Critical Thinking Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Critical Thinking Questions - Essay idealWhen a person starts to interact with a select group of batch, there is a greater feel that he starts understanding the viewpoint of the group and also second the opinion in a direction as well. This indeed is brainwashing since he does not know that he is falling for a opinion mindset which was unknown to him in the past but as soon as he started to socialize with these people his ideology began to change for more reasons than one.Managements socialization curriculum would also induce an outlook of innovation and autonomy since management is being derived by its cultural objectives in entirety. The socialization platform would be out-of-the-box and classy as it will entail more and more usage of technological regimes and so look to cater the upper echelon of the society. Management would indeed be ready for such a bountiful change and shift in the attitude of its stakeholders since the socialization program would be considered as u seless if it lacks people and that too hailing from the required target clans. Thus the cultural undertakings would leave a clear mark on the manner in which the socialization program would be devised and this has a very essential meaning on the way the management carries out its cultural domains on a consistent basis. Thus the socialization program would be a likely cousin of the management regime which has been manifested in different mannerisms up cashbox now and the socialization program has to wear the corresponding attitude culturally and socially that the management has been discourse within its philosophy ever since it was instituted.I believe Webster University offers bringing upal services in much the same manner as a top university in any part of the world would do. This means that the education and training for the students (locals and foreign) is state-of-the-art and top class, matching none other within the related

Pediatric Radiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Pediatric Radiography - Essay ExampleThis poses a challenge in paediatric radiographic investigations. Obtaining quality radiographs on pediatric perseverings atomic number 50 be a challenge. Minimizing beam of light dose in pediatric imaginativeness is a crucial issue that has been emphasized and reemphasized in recent years1.symptomatic radiation overexposure fucking cause radiation skin reaction and acute radiation sickness. It can as well lead to systemic reactions that may lead to disturbances of normal functional processes, such as, radiation pneumonitis. It is known to have carcinogenic personal effects and genetic effects2. However, it is also to be considered that the dose required to produce genetic or carcinogenic effects are virtually precluded by modern radiographic apparatus and special techniques used in imaging the patients of this age group. Although carcinogenic effects have not been demonstrated from the doses of radiation received with pediatric symptomatic radiography, children with chronic diseases who need repeated radiographic examinations, this is quite a possibility, although remote. However, there is a need to free the safety requirements and deploy the technical measures to ensure safety in these patients. Currently, these are directed towards reduction of radiation exposure in such patients3. ... These are justification of any particular radiographic examination by carefully considering the pros and cons of the test which involves adjustment of risk-benefit analysis. A proper training of the radiographers in handling the children can also reduce exposure considerably. Proper protection of the patient in the unexposed areas could also help. Specific Diseases Caused by Diagnostic Radiation ExposureAlthough the benefits of diagnostic ionizing radiation are immense and exceed the risks involved, cumulative exposure can cause increased cancers especially in the pediatric age group. By definition, ionizing radiation contains enough zip to displace electrons and break chemical bonds. X-rays are electromagnetic radiations and consist of photons that can traverse relatively man-sized distances in tissue without interaction. They, however, can indirectly ionize cell molecular components through transfer of energy4. In 1989, Hoffman and colleagues reported a doubling in the incidence of breast cancers in a pilot guinea pig of 1030 women who had been repeatedly exposed to diagnostic radiations for evaluation of scoliosis in their childhood and adolescence5. Ronckers and others explored these results further in a US cohort study with a larger sample size, including cases of scoliosis diagnosed before age 20. The average number of examinations per patient was accounted to be 24.7 and the mean cumulated dose to the breast was 0.11 Gy, and mean age of diagnosis of scoliosis was 10.6 years. With a radiographic reassessment continuing over an average of 40.1 years, it was concluded that this magnitude of exposures ha s resulted in increased incidence of breast cancers in these groups6. This proves that there is an increased risk of incidence of breast cancers with